PLP-A 抑制因子

Placental lactogen Iγ, a variant of the placental lactogen (PL) hormone, plays a multifaceted role during pregnancy, akin to its closely related counterparts in the prolactin/growth hormone family. Synthesized predominantly by the syncytiotrophoblast cells within the placenta, Placental lactogen Iγ serves as a critical mediator in the complex orchestration of maternal and fetal physiological adaptations throughout gestation.The actions of Placental lactogen Iγ are diverse, reflecting its structural homology to both prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH). Its involvement in metabolic regulation is paramount, as it aids in ensuring sufficient glucose availability for the developing fetus. By promoting lipolysis, Placental lactogen Iγ elevates free fatty acid levels in maternal blood, which can be utilized as an alternative energy source, thereby sparing glucose for fetal use. Additionally, it has been implicated in the modulation of insulin sensitivity, contributing to gestational diabetogenic effects that favor fetal nutrient supply.

Beyond its metabolic contributions, Placental lactogen Iγ also influences mammary gland development, preparing the mother's breasts for milk production and lactation after childbirth. It achieves this by stimulating the growth of mammary ducts and alveoli, as well as by inducing the expression of enzymes critical for milk synthesis, thereby complementing the actions of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy.On a molecular level, Placental lactogen Iγ achieves its biological effects by interacting with PRL and GH receptors on target tissues, triggering a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways that govern growth, metabolism, and developmental processes. An imbalance in Placental lactogen Iγ levels can have significant repercussions, potentially leading to gestational complications or influencing fetal growth patterns, underscoring its importance in the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy.