The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
Cas9n Nickase gRNA Plasmid Targeting: Dual gRNA plasmids create single-strand nicks at precise DNA sequences for efficient genome editing using Cas9n Nickase.
This image illustrates the Cas9n Nickase mechanism used for precise genome editing. Two plasmids (Plasmid 1 and Plasmid 2) are shown, each containing a targeted DNA sequence. The system utilizes single-guide RNAs (sgRNA) to direct Cas9n Nickase to specific genomic locations, represented by the blue and pink DNA strands. The sgRNA scaffold aids in guiding Cas9n to the 20 nucleotide (nt) target sequence on the DNA. Cas9n makes single-strand cuts at NCC and NGG sites, enabling precise gene modifications without creating double-strand breaks.
The Double Nickase Plasmid features a U6 promoter for sgRNA expression, a 20 nt targeting sequence, and a gRNA scaffold to guide Cas9n. It includes a CBh promoter for Cas9n (D10A) and puromycin resistance, GFP for transfection verification, and nuclear localization signals (NLS). The 2A peptide allows co-expression of Cas9n and Puro from a single promoter, enabling precise genome editing with reduced off-target effects.
NDUFS4 编码线粒体呼吸链复合体 I(NADH:泛醌氧化还原酶)的一个辅助亚基,在内线粒体膜中支持复合体 I 的组装与稳定性。通过促进电子从 NADH 高效传递至泛醌,NDUFS4 参与氧化磷酸化、线粒体膜电位的维持以及细胞氧化还原平衡的调控。NDUFS4 功能受损与复合体 I 活性下降、活性氧(ROS)处理异常以及代谢重塑有关,进而可能影响生物能量信号网络。NDUFS4 的变异与线粒体复合体 I 缺陷相关表型有关,因此是研究线粒体功能障碍与应激反应机制的重要靶点。
NDUFS4 双切酶质粒(h)由一对匹配的质粒组成,专为在 human 细胞系中对 NDUFS4 位点进行高特异性编辑而设计。每个质粒分别表达Cas9 D10A切口酶和针对NDUFS4内不同DNA链的独特sgRNA。当这两种切口酶被引导至相邻但位于DNA链相反侧的位点时,会产生错位的单链切口,从而共同形成错位双链断裂,这需要两个引导RNA在靶位点上协同发挥作用。由此产生的DNA断裂通过内源性细胞修复途径(最常见的是非同源末端连接(NHEJ))得到修复,从而导致插入或缺失,进而破坏NDUFS4的功能。通过要求双sgRNA在靶位点结合,双切口方法提高了编辑特异性,并为需要对靶向精度进行额外控制的应用提供了互补的CRISPR策略。